Benztropine

benztropine (benz-troe-peen) Apo-Benztropine, Cogentin Classification Therapeutic: antiparkinson agents Pharmacologic: anticholinergics Pregnancy Category C Indications Adjunctive treatment of all forms of Parkinson’s disease, including drug-induced extrapyramidal effects and acute dystonic reactions. Action Blocks cholinergic activity in the CNS, which is partially responsible for the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. Restores the natural balance of neurotransmitters in the CNS. Therapeutic Effects: Reduction of rigidity and tremors. Pharmacokinetics Absorption: Well absorbed following PO and IM administration. Distribution: Unknown. Metabolism...

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atropine

atropine (at-ro-peen)Atro-PenClassificationTherapeutic: antiarrhythmicsPharmacologic: anticholinergics, antimuscarinicsPregnancy Category CSee Appendix C for ophthalmic useIndicationsIM: Given preoperatively to decrease oral and respiratory secretions. IV: Treatment of sinusbradycardia and heart block.PO: Adjunctive therapy in the management of peptic ulcer and irritablebowel syndrome.IV: Reversal of adverse muscarinic effects of anticholinesterase agents (neostigmine, physostigmine, or pyridostigmine).IM, IV: Treatment of anticholinesterase (organophosphate pesticide) poisoning. Inhaln: Treatment of exercise-induced bronchospasm.ActionInhibits...

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ANTICHOLINERGICS

PHARMACOLOGIC PROFILEGeneral UseAtropine—Bradyarrhythmias. Ipratropium—bronchospasm (inhalation) and rhinorrhea(intranasal). Scopolamine—Nausea and vomiting related to motion sickness and vertigo.Propantheline and glycopyrrolate—Decreasing gastric secretory activity and increasingesophageal sphincter tone. Atropine and scopolamine are also used as ophthalmic mydriatics.Benztropine, biperidin, and trihexyphenidyl are used in the management of Parkinson’s disease.Oxybutynin and tolterodine are used as urinary tract spasmodics.General Action and InformationCompetitively inhibit the action of acetylcholine. In addition, atropine, glycopyrrolate, propantheline,and scopolamine are antimuscarinic in that they inhibit the action of acetylcholine atsites innervated by postganglionic cholinergic nerves.ContraindicationsHypersensitivity,...

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